Pratyahara

​In Ashtanga Yoga the fifth element is “Pratyahara” – Pratyaya (Means objects) Ahar (means Food/inputs), so literally it is controlling what you choose to take in as input through your tools of body (food/drinks/air) and mind (desires, thoughts, ideas, emotions)   

This is considered to be a bridge between Bahiya Yoga(attention drawn outwards) – Yama, Niyama, Asana, Pranayama and Antar Mukhi Yoga (Senses drawn Inwards) – Dharana, Dhyana, Samadhi Yoga. Regulating to the extent possible the inputs that you choose not only in terms of food/drinks but also in terms of thoughts/ideas received is very important since the objective is to make the body and mind calm to move towards deeper states of meditation which won’t be possible by agitating them by consuming excitable inputs. This is a very difficult control especially in recent times since we live in an agitated society and yet it is an essential control to progress in Yoga, hence Shanti Mantras are recited as a prayer to bring peace to all sentient beings since only then can we ourselves be in peace to pursue higher states of Dhyana and ultimately attain Samadhi which is the goal of Yoga.

Pratyahara has to be so deeply established that urges(thoughts/ideas)are stopped from arising at Source itself which is what Maharshi Patanjali termed as – “Chitta Vritti Nirodha” which when sustained for a long time is Samadhi

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